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Know the fundamental purposes, concepts, structures, and functions of local, state, tribal, and national governments.
Kindergarten
1. Identify authority figures and describe their roles (e.g., parents, teachers,
principal, superintendent, police, public officials).
1st Grade
1. Understand the purpose of rules and identify examples of rules and the
consequences of breaking them.
2. Describe different groups and rules that apply
to them (e.g., families,
classrooms, communities).
2nd Grade
1. Understand the purposes of government.
2. Describe and compare class rules
made by direct democracy (entire class votes on the rules) and by representative
democracy (class elects a smaller
group to make the rules).
3rd Grade
1. Explain the basic structure and functions of local governments.
2. Describe
and give examples of 'public good.'
3. Explain how New Mexico helps
to form a nation with other states.
4th Grade
1. Explain how the organization of New Mexico's government changed
during
its early history.
2. Compare how the State of New Mexico serves national interests
and the interests
of New Mexicans.
3. Explain the difference between making laws, carrying out the
laws, and determining if the laws have been broken, and identify the government
bodies
that perform these functions at the local, state, tribal, and national levels.
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Identify and describe the symbols, icons, songs, traditions, and leaders of local, state, tribal, and national levels that exemplify ideals and provide continuity and a sense of community across time.
Kindergarten
1. Recognize and name symbols and activities of the United States,
New Mexico, and tribes, to include:
- United States symbols to include the flag, bald eagle,
monuments
- New Mexico
symbols to include the flag, Smokey Bear, State Bird, chili
- tribal
symbols and activities to include Feast Days, pottery, arts, storytelling.
2.
Recognize patriotic activities including The Pledge of Allegiance, The Star
Spangled Banner, salute to the New Mexico flag, and New Mexico state songs.
1st Grade
1. Identify the President of the United States and the Governor of New Mexico.
2.
Describe how local, state, tribal and national leaders exemplify the ideals
of the communities they represent.
2nd Grade
1. Identify local governing officials and explain how their roles reflect
their community.
3rd Grade
1. Explain how symbols, songs, icons, and traditions combine to reflect
various cultures over time.
4th Grade
1. Describe various cultures and the communities they represent, and
explain how they have evolved over time.
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Become familiar with the basic purposes of government in New Mexico and the United States.
Kindergarten
1. Describe and provide examples of fairness.
1st Grade
1. Describe different ways to determine a decision (e.g., majority
rule, consensus,
authoritarian [parent, teacher, principal]).
2nd Grade
1. Describe the concept of 'public good' and identify local examples
of systems that support the 'public good.'
3rd Grade
1. Describe how the majority protects the rights of the minority.
2. Explain
how rules/laws are made and compare different processes used by local, state,
tribal, and national governments to determine rules/laws.
4th Grade
1. Compare and contrast how the various governments have applied rules/laws,
majority rule, 'public good,' and protections of the minority in different
periods of New Mexico's history.
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Understand rights and responsibilities of "good citizenship" as members of a family, school and community.
Kindergarten
1. Describe what is meant by citizenship.
2. Explain what is meant by 'good
citizenship,' to include:
- taking turns and sharing
- taking responsibility for own actions, assignments,
and personal belongings within the classroom and respecting the property
of others.
1st Grade
1. Identify examples of honesty, courage, fairness, loyalty, patriotism, and
other character traits seen in American history.
2. Explain and apply 'good
citizenship' traits within the school and community using the elements of
fair play, good sportsmanship, the idea of treating others
the way you want to be treated, and being trustworthy.
2nd Grade
1. Understand characteristics of 'good citizenship' as exemplified by historic
and ordinary people.
2. Explain the responsibilities of being a member of various
groups (e.g. family,
school, community).
3rd Grade
1. Explain the significance of participation and cooperation in a classroom
and community.
2. Understands the impact of individual and group decisions on
communities
in a democratic society.
3. Explain the significance and process of voting.
4th Grade
1. Explain the difference between rights and responsibilities, why we have
rules and laws, and the role of citizenship in promoting them.
2. Examine issues
of human rights.
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Understand the structure, functions, and powers of government (local, state, tribal and national).
5th Grade
1. Explain how the three branches of national government function and
understand
how they are defined in the United States Constitution.
2. Identify the fundamental
ideals and principles of our republican form of government (e.g., inalienable
rights ('life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness'),
the rule of law, justice, equality under the law).
3. Identify and describe the
significance of American symbols, landmarks, and essential documents (e.g.,
Declaration of Independence; United States Constitution;
Bill of Rights; Federalist Papers; Washington, DC; Liberty Bell; Gettysburg
Address; Statute of Liberty; government to government accords; Treaty of
Guadalupe Hildago; Gadsden Purchase).
4. Compare and contrast the basic government sovereignty
of local, state,
tribal, and national governments.
6th Grade
1. Describe the concept of democracy as developed by the Greeks, and
compare
the evolution of democracies throughout the world.
2. Describe the concept of
republic as developed by the Romans and compare
to other republican governments.
7th Grade
1. Explain the structure and functions of New Mexico's state government
as expressed in the New Mexico Constitution, to include:
- roles and methods of initiative,
referendum, and recall processes
- function of
multiple executive offices
- election process (e.g., primaries and
general elections)
- criminal justice system
(e.g., juvenile justice).
2. Explain the roles and relationships
of different levels of the legislative
process, to include:
- structure of New Mexico legislative districts (e.g., number
of districts, students' legislative district, representatives
and senators of the students'
district).
- the structure of the New Mexico Legislature and leaders of the Legislature
during the current session (e.g., bicameral, House of Representatives
and Senate,
- Speaker
of the House of Representatives, Senate Pro Tem).
3. Compare the structure
and functions of the New Mexico Legislature with that
of the state's tribal governments (e.g., Pueblo Indian Council; Navajo,
Apache, and Hopi nations).
8th Grade
1. Explain the structure and functions of the national government as
expressed in the United States Constitution, and explain the powers granted
to the three
- branches
of government and those reserved to the people, states, and tribes,
to include:
- the federal system dividing sovereignty between the states and the
federal government, and their supporting bureaucracies
- the sovereignty of Native American
tribes in relation to state and federal governments (and government
to government relationships)
- Bill of Rights, amendments
to Constitution
- the primacy of individual liberty
- Constitution is designed to secure our liberty
by both empowering and limiting central government
- struggles over the creation of the Bill of Rights and its
ratification
- separation
of powers through the development of differing branches
- John Marshall's
role in judicial review, including Marbury v. Madison.
2.
Identify and describe a citizen's fundamental constitutional rights, to include:
- freedom of religion, expression, assembly, and press
- right to a fair trial
- equal protection and due process.
3. Describe the contributions of Native Americans
in providing a model that was utilized in forming the United States government
(Iroquois Nation).
4. Explain and describe how water rights and energy issues cross state and
national boundaries.
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Explain the significance of symbols, icons, songs, traditions, and leaders of New Mexico and the United States that exemplify ideals and provide continuity and a sense of unity.
5th Grade
1. Explain the significance and importance of American customs, symbols, landmarks,
and celebrations.
2. Identify and summarize contributions of various racial,
ethnic, and religious
groups to national identity.
3. Describe selected ethnic and religious customs
and celebrations that enhance
local, state, tribal, and national identities.
6th Grade
1. Describe the significance of leadership in democratic societies
and provide
examples of local, national, and international leadership, to include:
- qualities
of leadership
- names and contributions New Mexico leaders
- names and contributions of national
leaders.
7th Grade
1. Explain the concept of diversity and its significance within the
political and social unity of New Mexico.
2. Describe ways in which different groups maintain
their cultural heritage.
3. Explain how New Mexico's state legislature and other state legislatures
identify symbols representative of a state.
4. Identify official and unofficial public symbols of various cultures and
describe how they are or are not exemplary of enduring elements of those cultures.
8th Grade
1. Explain how the development of symbols, songs, traditions, and concepts
of leadership reflect American beliefs and principles.
2. Explain the importance
of point of view and its relationship to freedom
of speech and press.
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Compare political philosophies and concepts of government that became the foundation for the American Revolution and the United States government.
5th Grade
1. Describe the narrative of the people and events associated with
the development of the United States Constitution and describe its significance
to the foundation
of the American republic, to include:
- colonists' and Native Americans' shared
sense of individualism, independence, and religious freedom that
developed before the Revolution
- Articles of Confederation
- purpose of the Constitutional Convention
- natural rights expressed in the Declaration
of Independence
2. Describe the
contributions and roles of major individuals, including George Washington,
James Madison, and Benjamin Franklin.
6th Grade
1. Explain how Greek and Roman societies expanded and advanced the role of
citizen.
2. Identify historical origins of democratic forms of government (e.g.,
early
civilizations, Native American governments).
7th Grade
1. Compare and contrast New Mexico's entry into the United States with
that
of the original thirteen colonies.
2. Understand the structure and function
of New Mexico government as created by the New Mexico Constitution and how
it supports local, tribal, and federal
governments.
8th Grade
1. Describe political philosophies and concepts of government that became
the foundation for the American Revolution and the United States government,
to include:
- ideas of the nature of government and rights of the individuals
expressed in the Declaration of Independence with its roots in English
philosophers (e.g.,
John Locke)
- concept of limited government and the rule of law established in
the Magna Carta and the English Bill of Rights
- social covenant established in the Mayflower
Compact
- characteristics of representative
governments
- anti-Federalist and Federalist
arguments towards the new Constitution, including those expressed
in The Federalist Papers
- concepts of federalism, democracy,
bicameralism, separation of powers, and
checks and balances.
2. Explain the concept and practice of separation of powers
among the Congress!
, the president, and the Supreme Court.
3. Understand the fundamental principles
of American constitutional democracy, including how the government derives
its power from the people.
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Explain how individuals have rights and responsibilities as members of social groups, families, schools, communities, states, tribes, and countries.
5th Grade
1. Explain the meaning of the American creed that calls on citizens to safeguard
the liberty of individual Americans within a unified nation, to respect the
rule of law, and to preserve the constitution of local, state, tribal and federal
governments.
6th Grade
1. Understand that the nature of citizenship varies among societies.
7th Grade
1. Explain the obligations and responsibilities of citizenship (e.g.,
the obligations of upholding the Constitution, obeying the law, paying taxes,
jury
duty).
2. Explain the roles of citizens in political decision-making (e.g.,
voting,
petitioning public officials, analyzing issues).
8th Grade
1. Explain basic law-making processes and how the design of the United States
Constitution provides numerous opportunities for citizens to participate in
the political process and to monitor and influence government (e.g., elections,
political parties, interest groups).
2. Understand the multiplicity and complexity
of human rights issues.
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Compare and analyze the structure, power, and purpose of government at the local, state, tribal, and national levels as set forth in their respective constitutions or governance documents.
1. Analyze the structure, powers, and role
of the legislative branch of the United States government, to include:
- specific powers delegated in Article I
of the Constitution
- checks and balances
described in The Federalist Papers Number 51
- lawmaking process
- role of leadership within Congress
- Federalist and anti-Federalists positions.
2. Analyze the structure, powers,
and role of the executive branch of the
United States government, to include:
- specific powers delegated in Article II of
the Constitution
- checks and balances
- development of the Cabinet and federal bureaucracy
- roles and duties of the presidency,
including those acquired over time such as andquot;head of stateandquot;
and andquot;head of a political party.andquot;
3.
Examine the election of the president through the nomination process, national
conventions, and Electoral College.
4. Analyze the structure, powers, and role
of the judicial branch of the United States government, including landmark
United States Supreme Court decisions,
to include:
- specific powers delegated by the Constitution in Article III and
described in the Federalist Papers Numbers 78-83
checks and balances
- judicial review as developed in Marbury v. Madison
- issues raised in McCulloch
v. Maryland
- dual court system of state and federal
governments, including their organization
and jurisdiction.
5. Analyze the rights, protections, limits, and freedoms included
within the
United States Constitution and Bill of Rights, to include:
- constitutional
mandates such as the right of habeas corpus, no bill of
attainder, and the prohibition of the ex post facto laws
- 1st Amendment guarantees freedom
of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition
- 4th, 5th, and 6th Amendments address search and seizure, rights of
the accused, right to a fair and speedy trial, and other legal
protections
- 14th Amendment
protection of due process and equal protection under the law
- conflicts
which occur between rights, including tensions between the
right to a fair trial and freedom of the press and between majority rule
and individual
rights
- expansion of voting rights, limitation of presidential terms, etc.
6. Compare
and contrast the structure and powers of New Mexico's government as expressed
in the New Mexico Constitution with that of the United States
Constitution, to include:
- direct democracy in the initiative, referendum,
and recall process
- impeachment
process
- process of voter registration and voting
- role of primary elections to nominate
candidates
- how a bill becomes a law
- executive officers and their respective powers
- New Mexico courts, appointment
of judges, and election and retainment processes for judges
- organization of county and municipal governments.
7. Describe and analyze the
powers and responsibilities of (including the concept
of legitimate power) local, state, tribal, and national governments.
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Analyze how the symbols, icons, songs, traditions, and leaders of New Mexico and the United States exemplify ideals and provide continuity and a sense of unity.
1. Analyze the qualities of effective leadership.
2. Evaluate the impact of United States political, tribal, and social leaders
on New Mexico and the nation.
3. Analyze the contributions of symbols, songs, and traditions toward promoting
a sense of unity at the state and national levels.
4. Evaluate the role of New Mexico and United States symbols, icons, songs,
and traditions in providing continuity over time.
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Compare and contrast the philosophical foundations of the United States political system in terms of the purpose of government, including its historical sources and ideals, with those of other governments in the world.
1. Analyze the structure, function, and powers of the federal government (e.g.,
legislative, executive, and judicial branches).
2. Analyze and explain the philosophical
foundations of the American political system in terms of the inalienable
rights of people and the purpose of government,
to include:
- Iroquois League and its organizational structure for effective
governance
- basic
philosophical principles of John Locke expressed in the Second Treatise
of Government (nature, equality, and dissolution of government)
- foundation principles
of laws by William Blackstone (laws in general and absolute
rights of individuals)
- importance of the founders of the Rights of Englishmen,
the Magna Carta, and
representative government in England.
3. Analyze the fundamental principles in
the Declaration of Independence.
4. Analyze the historical sources and ideals of the structure of the United
States government, to include:
- principles of democracy
- essential principles of a republican form of government
- code of law put forth
in the Code of Hammurabi
- separation of powers as expressed
by the Baron of Montesquieu
- checks and balances
as expressed by Thomas Hobbs
- ideas of individual rights
developed in the English Bill of Rights
- role of philosophers
in supporting changes in governments in the 18th and 19th centuries
(e.g., Locke, Rousseau, Voltaire).
5. Compare and contrast the concepts
of courts and justice from Henry II of
England to the court system of today.
6. Compare and contrast the unitary, confederal, and federal systems.
7. Analyze the ways powers are distributed and shared in a parliamentary system.
8. Compare and contrast the different philosophies, structures, and institutions
of democratic versus totalitarian systems of government.
9. Analyze and evaluate the concept of limited government and the rule of
law.
10. Compare and contrast the characteristics of representative governments.
11. Compare and contrast characteristics of Native American governments with
early United States government.
12. Compare and contrast the philosophical foundations of forms of government
to understand the purpose of the corresponding political systems (e.g., socialism,
capitalism, secular, theocratic, totalitarian)
13. Analyze the role that the United States has played as a constitutional
republican government for nations around the world.
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Understand how to exercise rights and responsibilities as citizens by participating in civic life and using skills that include interacting, monitoring, and influencing.
1. Describe and analyze the influence of the non-elected (e.g., staff, lobbyists,
interest groups).
2. Analyze the rights and obligations of citizens in the United States, to
include:
- connections between self-interest, the common good, and the essential
element of civic virtue as described in The Federalist Papers
Numbers 5 and 49
- obeying the law, serving on juries, paying taxes, voting, registering
for selective service, and military service.
3. Demonstrate the skills needed to participate
in government at all levels,
to include:
- analyze public issues and the political system
- evaluate candidates and their
positions
- debate current issues.
4. Analyze factors that influence the formation of public
opinion (e.g., media,
print, advertising, news broadcasts, magazines, radio).
5. Evaluate standards, conflicts, and issues related to universal human rights
and their impact on public policy.
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